Intra Uterine Insemination (IUI).

Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is an assisted conception technique that involves the deposition of a processed semen sample in the uterine cavity, overcoming natural barriers to sperm ascent in the female reproductive tract. With clinical pregnancy rates per cycle ranging from 10 to 20%, it is an affordable, noninvasive first-line therapy for a subset of patients with functionally normal tubes and infertility caused by a cervical factor, anovulation, moderate male factor, unexplained factors, immunological factors, and ejaculatory disorders.

The procedure itself is generally painless. Timing is critical for the success of IUI. Follicle growth is monitored closely using ultrasound to ensure optimal timing and to minimize the risk of multiple pregnancies. When the follicles reach the right size, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is administered to trigger ovulation. This hormone injection allows the eggs within the follicles to mature fully and prepares them for release approximately 36 – 42 hours later. IUI is scheduled accordingly after confirming ovulation on the ultrasound.

IUI is recommended in several situations:

1. Low sperm count or motility: When the male partner’s semen parameters are slightly below normal.
2. Unexplained infertility: In cases where there is no identifiable cause of infertility after initial testing.
3. Ovulation issues: Women who experience irregular or absent ovulation, or mild endometriosis.
4. Cervical abnormalities: Conditions affecting the cervix that may interfere with sperm transport.
5. Male factors: Problems with sperm delivery due to issues such as erectile dysfunction or retrograde ejaculation.

It’s important to note that if a pregnancy does not occur after three cycles of IUI, further treatments with IUI may not be recommended, and other fertility treatments might be explored instead.

If more than 3-4 follicles develop during ovulation induction for IUI going ahead with IUI might lead to multiple pregnancies if patient conceives in that cycle due to release of more eggs and fertilisation of all those with sperms. And also in such cases hCG trigger can lead to OHSS. IUI also poses a risk of ectopic pregnancy if either of the tubes are open but unhealthy.

The success of IUI depends on several factors.

● If a couple undergoes the procedure monthly, success rates can potentially reach up to 20% per cycle, influenced by factors such as the woman’s age, the cause of infertility, and the use of fertility medications especially injectables (hormones) , among others.
● While IUI is a more accessible and cost-effective choice compared to IVF, its pregnancy rates tend to be lower. If you are considering IUI, it is advisable to consult with your doctor to explore your options thoroughly.

Some couples prefer exploring more traditional efforts before exploring infertility procedures. If you are trying to get pregnant, we have got you covered. Visit our experts at ART fertility Clinics and get your fertility assessment done.